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牛津经济研究院&ICC:2025世界贸易组织解散对发展中经济体的影响研究报告:国家层面分析(中译版)(21页).pdf

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1、The impact on developing economies of WTO dissolutionA country-level analysisJune 2025June 2025|The impact on developing economies of WTO dissolution:A country-level analysis|2Table of contentsExecutive summary.31.Introduction.62.Modelling approach.83.Country-level impact results.113.1 Impact on tra

2、de flows.113.2 Impact on FDI.133.3 Impact on GDP.14Appendix I:Methodology.16Appendix II:Bibliography.20June 2025|The impact on developing economies of WTO dissolution:A country-level analysis|3Executive summaryOxford Economics were commissioned by the International Chamber of Commerce(ICC)in April 2

3、024 to provide an independent assessment of the potential impact of WTO dissolution on developing economies1.This report revisits the analysis presented in that paper,drilling down to quantify national-level impacts for a sample of ten countries.The modelling approach and assumptions we employ align

4、 with our previous report,ensuring that results are comparable across the two papers.Scenario assumptions around WTO dissolution The headwinds buffeting the WTO have only grown in intensity since the publication of our earlier report in April 2024.Specifically,recent trade policy announcements from

5、the new US administration are undermining the WTOs core principles of reciprocal tariff commitments,non-discrimination and transparency.The impact on the WTO could be profound,as this undermines its role in mediating disputes and enforcing equitable rules,raising the risk of a complete breakdown of

6、international cooperation.A number of scenarios could be envisaged that would result in the abandonment of the rules-based multilateral trading system and WTO dissolution.We explore a scenario(aligning with the assumptions in our previous report),where gradual trust erosion eventually results in the

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根据报告的内容,本文主要研究了WTO解散对发展中国家的影响。关键点如下: 1. **WTO解散的情景假设**:文章假设WTO解散会导致贸易成本上升,选择性贸易限制,以及非燃料商品贸易受影响,而燃料和服务贸易政策保持不变。 2. **WTO解散对贸易的影响**:研究发现,WTO解散将导致样本国家非燃料商品出口大幅下降,降幅在20%到45%之间,其中巴西、印度和中国的出口受影响最大。 3. **WTO解散对FDI的影响**:WTO解散将导致样本国家FDI流入减少3%到6%,与贸易开放度下降相关。 4. **WTO解散对GDP的影响**:WTO解散将导致样本国家长期GDP损失在3%到6%之间,越南受影响最为严重。 5. **WTO的重要性**:文章强调WTO对发展中国家参与全球贸易体系至关重要,WTO解散将严重削弱发展中国家的增长前景。 6. **WTO改革的重要性**:文章呼吁WTO进行改革,以适应新的贸易现实,继续发挥有效的全球贸易机构作用。
WTO解散对发展中国家的影响 WTO解散对全球贸易的影响 WTO解散对全球经济的影响
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