人工智能在交通运输领域的应用：自动驾驶汽车计算能源的全球影响与理解.pdf

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1、Haitam Laarabi,JibranZuberi,Sarah Smith,Arman ShehabiLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryHMLaarabilbl.govProject funded by Google(Under Review)GIUCE:Global Impact and Understanding of AV Computing EnergyGIUCE:Global Impact and Understanding of AV Computing EnergyHaitam Laarabi,JibranZuberi,Sarah Sm

2、ith,Arman ShehabiLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryHMLaarabilbl.govProject funded by Google(Under Review)EDGES&P Study:280 TWh in 2024,Nearly Doubling to 530 TWh by 2028 Matching LBNL HighData Centers to consume 325-580 TWh by 2030 i.e.6.7-12%nationally1,2By 2028,AI will use over 50%of datacenter

3、 electricity3:o50 GWh for training GPT-4oInferencing accounts for 80-90%!?Agents,Voice/Video modes,Reasoning Models uses 43x more energy:5-Second Video Uses 1 kWh3References: TWh4002024202620282030MIT Study:Autonomous Vehicles Could Become Data Centers on Wheels Due to Energy DemandsDeep Neural Netw

4、orks(DNNs)are among the main energy-intensive drivers of Gen AI and are essential to Autonomous DrivingoConvolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)for vision,Recurrent and Transformer models for prediction and sensor fusion,Graph Neural Networks for interaction modeling,and RL for decision-making.MIT estima

5、tes that 95%AV adoption in the US could use 94.5 TWh/year,about 50%of 2022 data centers loads1:oAn AV driving for 1 hour makes 21.6 millioninferences and uses 840WhReferences:1.Sudhakar,S.,Sze,V.,&Karaman,S.(2022).Data centers on wheels:Emissions from computing onboard autonomous vehicles.IEEE Micro

6、,43(1),29-39.Do AVs Drive Energy Use?Thats Not the Full StoryNewer vehicles energy use is pushing power systems from legacy 12V to 48V.oInfotainment(1kW),Audio System(250W),Wi-fi(20W),catalytic converter&compressor(10kW),monitors(100W)1SAE Level 2-4 systems compound this demand with power-hungry sen