构建强健的人工智能：原因及方式（54页）.pdf

1、ROBUST ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:WHY AND HOW Tom Dietterich Distinguished Professor(Emeritus)Oregon State University Past-President AAAI 1 Outline The Need for Robust AI High Stakes Applications Need to Act in the face of Unknown Unknowns Approaches toward Robust AI Robustness to Known Unknowns Robust

2、ness to Unknown Unknowns Concluding Remarks 2 CCAI-2017 Technical Progress is Encouraging the Development of High-Stakes Applications 3 CCAI-2017 Self-Driving Cars Credit:The Verge Tesla AutoSteer Credit:Tesla Motors Credit: 4 CCAI-2017 Automated Surgical Assistants 5 Credit:Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 D

3、aVinci CCAI-2017 AI Hedge Funds 6 CCAI-2017 AI Control of the Power Grid 7 Credit:DARPA Credit:EBM Netz AG CCAI-2017 Autonomous Weapons 8 Samsung SGR-1 Credit:AFP/Getty Images CCAI-2017 Northroop Grumman X-47B Credit:Wikipedia UK Brimstone Anti-Armor Weapon Credit:Duch.seb-Own work,CC BY-SA 3.0 High

4、-Stakes Applications Require Robust AI Robustness to Human user error Cyberattack Misspecified goals Incorrect models Unmodeled phenomena 9 CCAI-2017 Why Unmodeled Phenoma?It is impossible to model everything It is not desirable to model everything 10 CCAI-2017 It is impossible to model everything Q

5、ualification Problem:It is impossible to enumerate all of the preconditions for an action Ramification Problem:It is impossible to enumerate all of the implicit consequences of an action 11 CCAI-2017 It is important to not model everything Fundamental theorem of machine learning error rate model com

6、plexitysample size Corollary:If sample size is small,the model should be simple We must deliberately oversimplify our models!12 CCAI-2017 Conclusion:An AI system must act without having a complete model of the world 13 CCAI-2017 Outline The Need for Robust AI High Stakes Applications Need to Act in