在不确定时期满足基本需求：新加坡最低收入标准（MIS）研究的经验教训.pdf

1、SINGAPORE ACTUARIAL CONFERENCE 202426-29 August 2024Meeting Basic Needs in Uncertain Times:Lessons from Minimum Income Standards(MIS)Research in SingaporeNg Kok Hoe,PhDSenior Research FellowNational University of SingaporeSINGAPORE ACTUARIAL CONFERENCE 202426-29 August 2024How much do we need for a

2、basic standard of living?SINGAPORE ACTUARIAL CONFERENCE 202426-29 August 2024A basic standard of living in Singapore is about,but more than just,housing,food,and clothing.It is about having opportunities to education,employment,and work-life balance,as well as access to healthcare.It enables a sense

3、 of belonging,respect,security,and independence.It also includes choices to participate in social activities,and the freedom to engage in ones cultural and religious practices.SINGAPORE ACTUARIAL CONFERENCE 202426-29 August 2024Context:Pandemic,inflation,cost of living anxieties202220202018Inflation

4、 upratingInflation upratingMIS1MIS2Older peopleFamilies with childrenEstablish MIS baselines:How much income do people need to meet basic standards of living?Comparison to incomes:How do wages in Singapore today fare relative to MIS budgets?Juxtaposition against policies:How do public policy measure

5、s fare relative to MIS budgets?SINGAPORE ACTUARIAL CONFERENCE 202426-29 August 2024Uprating using CPI and price dataMost retail itemsPublic servicesHousingMatch every individual item to relevant category in 2022 CPIUpdate based on precise price changes,or rate of new services and subsidiesRevise hou

6、sing costs based on Actual prices in latest launches of new BTO flatsResale flat transaction dataRental statisticsHDB loan calculatorSINGAPORE ACTUARIAL CONFERENCE 202426-29 August 2024Latest MIS budgets$3,369between2020 and 2022 4%5%MIS budgets 8.6%$6,693$1,492 20222020$3,218$6,426$1,421 Single par