1、With the support ofCompetition in Digital Financial ServicesRegulatory Strategies and Pathways for Emerging Markets and Developing EconomiesJune 2026CitationPlease cite this study as:CCAF and Fii(2026).Competition in Digital Financial Services:Regulatory Strategies and Pathways for Emerging Markets
2、and Developing Economies.Contents Foreword 4 Research Team and Acknowledgements 5ExecutiveSummary6PartI:Introduction10 CompetitionViaDFS,CompetitioninDFS,CompetitiveDFSMarkets:WhyItMatters11TheRoleofPublicandFinancialAuthoritiesinInfluencingCompetitioninDFS15ReportOutline16PartII:ATieredConceptualFr
3、ameworkforDevelopingCompetitiveDigital17 FinancialServicesMarkets OverviewoftheTieredConceptualFrameworkforCompetitiveDFSMarkets20 Tier1-FoundationalInfrastructureandPolicyandRegulatoryFrameworks21 Tier2ToolstoSupportEntry27 Tier3ToolsSupportandStrengthenScaling29 Tier4AdvancedMarket-ShapingTools31
4、Summary35PartIII:MappingPolicyandRegulatoryToolstoSupply-andDemand-Side36 CompetitionBarriersinDFS OverviewofCompetitionBarriersinDFSMarkets37 Supply-SideBarriers39 Demand-SideBarriers54 Summary60PartIV:StrengtheningPrivateCapitalFormationthroughDFSCompetitionTools61 FoundationalFrameworks(Tier1)63
5、ToolstoSupportEntry(Tier2)65 ToolstoSupportandStrengthenScaling(Tier3)67 AdvancedMarket-ShapingTools(Tier4)69 TheCompetition-StabilityTrade-OffinCapitalFormation71 Summary72PartV:ImpactofDFSCompetition-EnhancingRegulatoryInterventions73 CaseStudies CasestudyKenya/Nigeria74 Casestudy-Malaysia/Vietnam
6、78 Summary81PartVI:BuildingStrategiesforCompetitioninDFS82 EmbeddingaCompetitionLensinPolicymakingandRegulation84 IntroducingCompetition-FocusedPolicyandRegulatoryInterventions85 Summary95PartVII:Conclusion96 Endnotes 100 Bibliography108Abbreviations1134Competition in Digital Financial Services:Regu