1、Content Introduction 31 The poverty trap 92 Limited reform,rising expectations 253 Collective action gaps 394 Value extraction 535 Opacity undermines accountability 696 Conclusion 83 Sources of Figures 88 Endnotes 89 List of abbreviations 90 Bibliography 91 Colophon 96Coffee BarometerSjoerd Panhuyse
2、n&Frederik de Vries 2026“There is a great risk that as the price of coffee rises,the sense of urgency for dealing with the problems of the sector will wane.”Coffee Barometer 20122SUMMARY Two decades after the first Coffee Barometer,the structural conditions shaping the coffee sector remain largely u
3、nchanged.Producer incomes still fall below living income benchmarks,labour is poorly rewarded,climate vulnerability continues to deepen,and most value is captured downstream rather than in producing countries.Sustainability commitments have multiplied,yet systemic reform has not followed.This report
4、 examines the coffee economy not as a collection of sustainability initiatives,but as a political and economic system shaped by concentration,power,and commercial incentives that consistently produce inequitable outcomes.The arc of two coffee crises For twenty years,the Coffee Barometer has aimed to
5、 make sense of a sector in con-stant motion.Across seven earlier editions,we chronicled the sectors sustainabili-ty efforts.Starting with the first edition in 2006,we charted the wave of ambitious sustainability pledges that swept through the sector in the early 2000s and the subsequent rise of volu
6、ntary certification standards as the preferred instrument of change.We docu mented the rise of multi-stakeholder initiatives and asked whether pre-competitive sustainability collaboration across the value chain could deliver what market forces alone had not.We tracked the volatile swings in coffee p