世界经济论坛（WEF）：2026关键矿产可融资性白皮书：释放投资动能的政策工具（英文版）（37页）.pdf

1、Making Critical Minerals Bankable:Policy Tools to Unlock InvestmentW H I T E P A P E RM A Y 2 0 2 6Images:Getty ImagesDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project,insight area or interaction.The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed he

2、rein are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum,nor the entirety of its Members,Partners orotherstakeholders.Columbia Universitys Center on Global Energy Policy than

3、ks its donors for supporting its work on the financing of critical minerals,with particular acknowledgment of the Blue Horizons Foundation and the BMW Foundation.2026 World Economic Forum.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,inc

4、luding photocopying and recording or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForeword 3Executive summary 51 Introduction 61.1 The critical minerals investment gap 61.2 Why“one-size-fits-all”fails 92 Policy toolkit:six categories of policy intervention 10 Policy instrument 1:Upfront c

5、apital support 10 Policy instrument 2:Offtake and demand anchors 11 Policy instrument 3:Revenue stabilization and price certainty 12 Policy instrument 4:Risk mitigation 12 Policy instrument 5:Structural enablers 13 Policy instrument 6:Tax and royalty mechanisms 133 Matching policy interventions to m

6、ineral markets 153.1 Mature market(e.g.copper)163.2 Emerging market(e.g.lithium)193.3 Highly concentrated market(e.g.rare earth elements)203.4 Opaque market(e.g.graphite)213.5 Niche market(e.g.by-product and co-product critical minerals)224 Matching policy interventions to jurisdictions 244.1 Low-ri