GRI：2026弥合差距：加拿大反洗钱（AML）监管体系对标全球司法辖区最佳实践报告（英文版）（26页）.pdf

1、CLOSING THE GAP:CANADAS AML REGIME AND BEST PRACTICES FROM GLOBAL JURISDICTIONSAPRIL 2026CONTENTS1.INTRODUCTION 22.BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW 32.1 Defining AML/ATF Regimes Terminology and Mechanisms 32.2 Key Elements of Canadas AML/ATF Regime 42.3 International Activity The 2021 FATF Follow-Up Mutual E

2、valuation of Canada 62.4 Domestic Dimensions The Cullen Commission and Canadas Response 63.COMPARING CANADA TO BEST PRACTICES FROM SELECTED JURISDICTIONS 93.1.Legislative Approach 93.2.Monitoring&Reporting 133.3 Enforcement Outcomes and Deterrence 174.KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CANADA 214.1 Legislative

3、 and Supervisory Framework 214.2 Monitoring&Reporting 224.3 Enforcement 235.LOOKING AHEAD 252CLOSING THE GAP:CANADAS AML REGIME AND BEST PRACTICES FROM GLOBAL JURISDICTIONS I APRIL 20261.INTRODUCTION Money laundering presents a significant threat to the Canadian and global economies,accounting for a

4、n estimated 2-5%of global GDP annually.This is equivalent to$800 billion to$2 trillioni being laundered each year around the world.ii In Canada,the Criminal Intelligence Service estimates that$45-113 billion are laundered each year.iii In addition,the evolving nature of global financial threats,both

5、 legitimate and those tied to illicit activity,and the rise of digital currencies such as cryptocurrencies and the decentralized finance sector(DeFi),highlight the need to create a more adaptive regulatory regime.Recent enforcement actions have emphasized areas for improvement,while creating momentu

6、m for reform.This report employs a cross-national comparative analysis of Anti-Money Laundering and Anti-Terrorist Financing(AML/ATF)legislative frameworks,supervisory structures,reporting systems,and enforcement models across select international peer jurisdictions.These were selected based on stru