1、Critical Minerals Traceability for Energy and Economic Security The IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil,gas and coal supply and demand,renewable energy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand side management and much more.Through its work,
2、the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability,affordability and sustainability of energy in its 32 Member countries,13 Association countries and beyond.This publication,as well as any data and map included herein,are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory
3、,to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.Source:IEA.International Energy Agency Website:www.iea.orgIEA Member countries:AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech Republic DenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKore
4、aLatviaLithuania Luxembourg Mexico NetherlandsNew Zealand NorwayPolandPortugalSlovak Republic SpainSweden Switzerland Republic of Trkiye United Kingdom United StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEAIEA Accession countries:ChileColombiaCosta RicaINTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGEN
5、CYIEA Association countries:Argentina ChinaEgyptIndia Indonesia Kenya Morocco Senegal Singapore South Africa Thailand UkraineViet NamBrazilIsraelRomaniaCritical Mineral Traceability for Energy and Economic Security PAGE|2 IEA.CC BY 4.0.Acknowledgements This report was prepared by the International E
6、nergy Agencys(IEA)Office of the Legal Counsel,the Office of the Chief Energy Economist of the Directorate of Sustainability,Technology and Outlooks,as well as other IEA units.The lead authors are Flix Gagnon,Alexandra Hegarty and Joyce Raboca,with valuable guidance from K.C.Michaels and Tae-Yoon Kim