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1、Tools for a balanced and fair circular economyThis toolkit is an interactive pdf.You can use the icons at the bottom to navigate through the document.Policy practices for e-waste managementSecond edition-20252Universal and meaningful digital connecti-vity is a cornerstone of economic growth and soci

2、etal development.Electrical and Electronic Equipment(EEE)holds immen-se potential to transform lives through emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence,blockchain,and the Internet of Things(IoT).Yet,while digital progress accelerates,a stark digital divide remains-with 2.6 bil-lion people

3、 globally still lacking access to the Internet.(1)Bridging this gap and acce-lerating digitalization demands significant resources,this includes the transition to clean energy and smart mobility.At the same time,concerns are growing over the long-term availability of critical raw materials and rare-

4、earth elements,which are essential to digital infrastructure and devices.Today,global competition over these finite resources is already affec-ting supply chains.Electronic waste(e-waste)is emerging as a vital,yet underutilized,resource.In 2022,the world generated an estimated 62 million tonnes of e

5、-waste,including 31 million ton-nes of valuable metals-4 million tonnes of which are critical raw materials.The econo-mic value of these materials is estimated at USD 91 billion.Yet,only 22 per cent of global e-waste was formally collected.(2)The proper collection,reuse,or recycling,of e-waste not o

6、nly prevents environmen-tal harm but also unlocks new economic opportunities through material recovery.However,managing e-waste is complex due to the vast variety of components and materials involved.An effective policy measure involves mandating electronics producers to take responsibility for the