世界贸易组织：2023年世界贸易报告：再全球化促进安全、包容和可持续的未来（英文版）（134页）.pdf

1、WORLD TRADE REPORT 2023Re-globalization for a secure,inclusive and sustainable futureWhat is the World Trade Report?The World Trade Report is an annual publication that aims to deepen understanding about trends in trade,trade policy issues and the multilateral trading system.What is the 2023 Report

2、about?The 2023 World Trade Report evaluates how re-globalization integrating more people,economies and pressing issues into world trade can provide solutions to global challenges,and assesses the risks of trade fragmentation.Find out moreWebsite:www.wto.orgGeneral enquiries:enquirieswto.orgTel:+41(0

3、)22 739 51 11CONTENTSAcknowledgements .2Disclaimer.3Abbreviations.4Foreword by the WTO Director-General.6Executive summary.8Chapter A:Introduction.16Chapter B:The reshaping of global trade.241.A more fragmented and less predictable trade policy environment.262.Trade policy headwinds and uncertainty

4、start to affect trade flows.283.In other areas,trade and trade policy continue to make progress.334.Conclusions .42Chapter C:The impact of security concerns on trade.461.Introduction.482.The changing relationship between trade and security.483.Fragmentation is unlikely to increase security.564.Re-gl

5、obalization can contribute to a more resilient and thus safer world.575.Conclusions .60Chapter D:Re-globalization to reduce poverty and inequality.621.Introduction.642.The effects of globalization on poverty and inequality.643.The effects of fragmentation on poverty and inequality.684.How re-globali

6、zation can be made more inclusive.715.Conclusions .85Chapter E:Re-globalization to promote environmental sustainability.881.Introduction.902.Trade can contribute to environmental sustainability.903.The costs of fragmentation on environmental sustainability.934.The environmental gains from re-globali