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经合组织(OECD):2026法国经济调研报告(英文版)(144页).pdf

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1、OECD Economic Surveys:France 2026June 2026Volume 2026/18versionlaunchOECD Economic Surveys:France2026versionlaunchThis work was approved and declassified by the Economic and Development Review Committee on 18 May 2026.This document,as well as any data and map included herein,are without prejudice to

2、 the status of or sovereignty overany territory,to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities.The use ofsuch data by the OECD

3、 is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights,East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law.Note by the Republic of TrkiyeThe information in this document with reference to“Cyprus”relates to the southern part of the Island.There is no singleau

4、thority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island.Trkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus(TRNC).Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations,Trkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the“Cyprus issue”.Note by all

5、the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Trkiye.Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.Kosovo

6、*:This designation is without prejudice to positions on status,and is in line with United Nations Security CouncilResolution 1244/99 and the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on Kosovos declaration ofindependence.Please cite this publication as:OECD(2026),OECD Economic Surveys:F

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1. **经济表现与挑战**:2023-2025年法国GDP年均增长1.4%,但人均GDP与高收入OECD国家差距扩大(2000-2025年仅为美国水平的54%)。2025年财政赤字5.1%,债务达GDP的115.5%,需通过财政巩固稳定债务。 2. **财政可持续性**:需削减公共支出(占GDP 57.2%)和税收减免(近3%GDP),改革养老金(延迟退休年龄),并提高税收效率(如降低劳动税、扩大消费税)。 3. **长期护理与老龄化**:65岁以上人口占比22.1%(2024年),需优化护理服务分配,加强预防性医疗,并改善护理工作者条件。 4. **气候政策**:碳价偏低且不均,需取消化石燃料补贴(2024年占GDP 0.3%),加强建筑和交通领域减排,并提升地方适应能力。 5. **工业竞争力**:企业研发投入不足(占GDP 2.2%,低于OECD平均2.7%),需聚焦新兴技术(如AI),改革研发税收抵免,并加强技能培训(如扩大学徒制)。
法国经济前景如何? 如何改善法国财政状况? 法国工业竞争力如何提升?
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