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剑桥工业创新政策研究所:2026年英国创新报告(英文版)(73页).pdf

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1、UK INNOVATION REPORT 2026Benchmarking the UKs industrial and innovation performance in a global contextInstitute for Manufacturing,University of CambridgeMarch 2026Table of contentsList of charts 1Introduction 3Contributors and acknowledgements 5Executive summary 6Theme 1:Structure and performance o

2、f the UK economy 12Theme 2:Investment in innovation 23Theme 3:Industrial performance UK electronics and electrical equipment 34Theme 4:Science and engineering workforce 51Theme 5:Technology scaleup 60UK INNOVATION REPORT|1List of chartsTheme 1:Structure and performance of the UK economyChart 1.1.Str

3、ucture of the UK economy,2024Chart 1.2.Top 20 industries by labour productivity,2007 and 2024Chart 1.3.Top 20 industries by productivity growth,19972024Chart 1.4.Top 20 industries by contribution to productivity growth,19972024Chart 1.5.Top and bottom 10 industries by employment growth,19972024Chart

4、 1.6.Annual earnings and employment shares by industry,20152025Chart 1.7.Earnings dynamics,20152025Appendix 1.1.Sectoral group classification and statistical codesAppendix 1.2.Decomposition of productivity growthTheme 2:Investment in innovation Chart 2.1.Global expenditure on R&DChart 2.2.R&D intens

5、ity:international comparisonChart 2.3.UK business research and development Chart 2.4.Government financial support for business R&DChart 2.5.World rank of selected innovation outputsChart 2.6.Scientific publications by science fieldChart 2.7.Unicorns in the world Chart 2.8.From research to market:sci

6、entific publications versus high-tech exports performanceChart 2.9.Top R&D-investing companies in the worldTheme 3:Industrial performance UK electronics and electrical equipment Chart 3.1.UK electronics and electrical equipment(E&E)manufacturing sectors contribution to the UK economyChart 3.2.Electr

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1. **经济结构**:知识密集型服务业和制造业占英国GDP和就业的80%,贡献90%的企业研发投入和90%的商品出口。 2. **创新投入**:英国研发投入占GDP的2.68%(全球3.5%),基础研究占比高于OECD均值,但高技术出口份额从8.7%降至6.4%。 3. **产业表现**:电子电气设备占制造业增加值10%和出口13%,但就业自2000年减半;制造业中位收入(£38,956)略低于全国中位数(£39,040)。 4. **技能缺口**:2024年27%的岗位因技能短缺难以填补,STEM领域性别薪酬差距达21%(高于OECD均值18%)。 5. **技术规模化**:英国独角兽企业数量全球第四(57家),但80%的大学衍生企业IPO在海外,60%被外资收购。
**英国创新力如何?** **制造业薪资为何下滑?** **技能缺口有多大?**
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