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欧洲公民自由联盟:2026年欧盟媒体自由报告(中译版)(85页).pdf

上传人: 小*** 编号:1273503 2026-07-01 85页 1.45MB

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1、#MediaFreedomReport2026April 2026LibertiesMedia Freedom Report20262TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive summary 4About this report 4Context 5Key findings 5Media freedom and pluralism 6Media ownership transparency 7State advertising and public funding 7Public service media 8Independent regulators 8Safety and p

2、rotection of journalists 9Public trust in the media 10Online media and disinformation 10The European Media Freedom Act and Anti-SLAPP Directive 10Recommendations to the institutions of the European Union 11Media freedom and pluralism 13Media ownership concentration 13Media ownership transparency 19F

3、inancing framework,including allocation of state advertising 23Public service media 26Independent media and telecommunications authorities and bodies 34Online media 40Public trust in media 42Progress towards implementing European Commission recommendations 46Safety and protection of journalists 48At

4、tacks against journalists,including online harassment 48Law enforcements capacity to investigate attacks on journalists 54Violence from law enforcement officers 56State surveillance and abusive lawsuits 57Surveillance of media workers and sources 57Abusive lawsuits 58New measures to improve the prot

5、ection of journalists 62Gender-based violence 63Progress towards implementing European Commission recommendations 65Freedom of expression and censorship 67Hate speech 67Fighting disinformation 69LIBERTIES MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT2026LIBERTIES MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT20263Freedom of information 72Progress to

6、wards implementing European Commission recommendations 74Progress towards transposing and implementing European Union legislation 76Implementation of the EMFA 77Transposition of the Anti-SLAPP Directive 80Contact 85LIBERTIES MEDIA FREEDOM REPORT20264Executive summaryAbout this reportThe Media Freedo

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1. **媒体自由与多元化恶化**:欧盟媒体市场集中度上升,透明度下降,公众信任度降低。仅德国(83%)、爱尔兰(72%)媒体信任度较高,希腊(22%)、罗马尼亚(26.9%)、保加利亚(26%)信任度极低。 2. **所有权集中与不透明**:法国、荷兰、斯洛伐克等国媒体巨头收购独立媒体,加剧垄断。克罗地亚3家出版商控制84%印刷市场,西班牙两家公司占80%广告市场。匈牙利、克罗地亚等所有权信息不透明。 3. **公共媒体受政治干预**:匈牙利公共媒体亲政府内容占比73%,斯洛伐克STVR被国家直接控制。德国、比利时等面临预算削减,法国拟合并公共媒体机构。 4. **记者安全危机**:2025年记录377起严重记者袭击事件,意大利、希腊发生爆炸袭击,马耳他、匈牙利官员抹黑独立媒体。 5. **欧盟立法进展缓慢**:《欧洲媒体自由法》(EMFA)和《反SLAPP指令》在多数成员国落实滞后,仅斯洛尼亚等少数国家取得进展。德国、 Malta限制反SLAPP保护范围,仅覆盖跨境案件。
媒体自由现状? 记者安全如何? 欧盟新法有效吗?
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