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世界银行:2026拉丁美洲及加勒比地区经济半年报:重审产业政策-当下可行的战略选择(4月期)(英文版)(91页).pdf

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1、Latin America&the Caribbean Economic Update April 2026Latin America&the Caribbean Economic UpdateRevisiting Industrial Policy:StrategicOptions for TodayAPRIL 2026The Office of the Chief Economist of the Latin America and the Caribbean RegionLatin America&the Caribbean Economic UpdateAPRIL 2026Latin

2、America&the Caribbean Economic UpdateRevisiting Industrial Policy:Strategic Options for TodayThe Office of the Chief Economist of the Latin America&the Caribbean Region 2026 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank1818 H Street NW,Washington,DC 20433Telephone:202-473-1000

3、;Internet:www.worldbank.orgSome rights reserved1 2 3 4 29 28 27 26This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions.The findings,interpretations,and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank,its Board of Executive Direct

4、ors,or the governments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy,completeness,or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors,omissions,or discrepancies in the information,or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use th

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1. **经济增长低迷**:2026年拉美加勒比地区(LAC)GDP增速预计为2.1%,略低于2025年的2.4%,人均GDP几乎零增长,为全球增长最慢地区之一。 2. **国别分化**:阿根廷因财政改革(如RIGI税收激励)和欧盟-南方共同市场协定推动,2024-27年累计增长预期达12.2%;圭亚那(石油驱动)和中美洲国家(如哥斯达黎加、萨尔瓦多)表现强劲,而巴西、墨西哥增长放缓。 3. **通胀与政策**:通胀虽缓和但核心服务通胀顽固,多数国家2026-27年或接近目标;财政空间受高利率挤压,债务占GDP比重仍高于疫情前水平。 4. **工业政策重提**:报告建议通过能力建设(如教育、技术)、风险分担(金融深化)、开放贸易及强化政府能力,借鉴亚洲经验推动生产力增长,避免历史保护主义失败。 5. **外部风险**:中东冲突加剧能源价格波动,可能延缓通胀回落并拖累增长;贸易政策不确定性仍存,但区域价值链整合(如近岸外包)带来机遇。
**增长动力何在?** **工业政策新解?** **通胀何时退坡?**
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