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世界银行(WBG):2026全球就业挑战研究报告(预发版)(英文版)(252页).pdf

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1、Edited by Tommy Chrimes,M.Ayhan Kose,and Kersten StammThe Global Jobs ChallengeAdvance EditionThe Global Jobs Challenge www.worldbank.org/prospects The Global Jobs Challenge Edited by Tommy Chrimes,M.Ayhan Kose,and Kersten Stamm The text of this advance edition is a work in progress for the forthcom

2、ing book The Global Jobs Challenge.A PDF of the final book,once published,will be available at https:/openknowledge.worldbank.org/,and print copies can be ordered at .Please use the final version of the book for citation,reproduction,and adaptation purposes.2026 International Bank for Reconstruction

3、 and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW,Washington DC 20433 Telephone:202-473-1000,Internet:www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions.The findings,interpretations,and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the

4、views of The World Bank,its Board of Executive Directors,or the governments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy,completeness,or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors,omissions,or discrepancies in the information,or liab

5、ility with respect to the use of or failure to use the information,methods,processes,or conclusions set forth.The boundaries,colors,denominations,links/footnotes,and other information shown in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territ

6、ory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.The citation of works authored by others does not mean The World Bank endorses the views expressed by those authors or the content of their works.Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of

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1. **全球就业挑战规模**:2025-2035年,新兴市场和发展中经济体(EMDEs)将有12亿年轻人达到工作年龄,为史上最大青年群体,其中撒哈拉以南非洲(3.3亿)、南亚(2.8亿)和中东北非(1.7亿)占比最高。 2. **就业缺口严峻**:若当前趋势持续,2035年约3亿年轻人将处于“未就业、未受教育或未培训”(NEET)状态,撒哈拉以南非洲NEET人数自2005年增长70%,达6000万。 3. **政策三支柱**:解决挑战需聚焦三大支柱——建设基础设(物理、人力、数字)、营造商业友好环境、动员私人资本。高投资增长的国家就业增长显著更高(图ES.1.F)。 4. **结构性机遇**:基础设施、能源、农业、健康、旅游业及高附加值制造业被列为五大潜力就业领域,可创造大规模且具韧性的岗位。 5. **长期趋势**:2025-2050年,EMDEs工作年龄人口将增加8亿,其中75%来自撒哈拉以南非洲,该地区工作年龄人口增量将超历史峰值。
**全球就业挑战** **青年就业困境** **政策如何创造就业**
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