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经合组织(OECD):2026挪威经济调研报告(英文版)(119页).pdf

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1、OECD Economic Surveys:Norway 2026June 2026Volume 2026/16versionlaunchOECD Economic Surveys:Norway2026versionlaunchThis work was approved and declassified by the Economic Development and Review Committee on 19 May 2026.This document,as well as any data and map included herein,are without prejudice to

2、 the status of or sovereignty overany territory,to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities.The use ofsuch data by the OECD

3、 is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights,East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law.Note by the Republic of TrkiyeThe information in this document with reference to“Cyprus”relates to the southern part of the Island.There is no singleau

4、thority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island.Trkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus(TRNC).Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations,Trkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the“Cyprus issue”.Note by all

5、the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Trkiye.Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.Kosovo

6、*:This designation is without prejudice to positions on status,and is in line with United Nations Security CouncilResolution 1244/99 and the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on Kosovos declaration ofindependence.Please cite this publication as:OECD(2026),OECD Economic Surveys:N

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1. **经济表现与挑战**:挪威经济2026年预计增长1.7%(2027年1.5%),通胀持续高于2%目标(2026年3.1%),依赖石油基金(占GDP 400%)支撑财政,结构性非石油赤字达11.6%。 2. **政策建议**: - **财政**:补充中期支出计划限制开支,改革税收(降低劳动/资本税,提高房产/遗产税)。 - **教育**:PISA成绩下滑(阅读477分,数学468分),需提升教学质量、个性化教学及早期教育标准。 - **贸易**:全球供应链风险增加,应深化贸易协定、加强关键物资储备。 - **监管**:降低企业合规成本,简化能源项目许可,引入中小企业破产简化程序。 3. **风险**:中东冲突推高油价但加剧通胀,石油基金资产承压;高补贴(农业补贴OECD最高)和住房供应不足问题突出。
**挪威经济前景如何?** **教育改革有何新动向?** **全球供应链风险如何应对?**
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