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亚洲开发银行(ADB):2026柬埔寨 STEM 领域性别格局与差距研究报告(中译版)(64页).pdf

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1、ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANKJUNE 2026GENDER DYNAMICS AND DISPARITIES INCAMBODIAS SCIENCE,TECHNOLOGY,ENGINEERING,AND MATHEMATICS SECTORASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANKJUNE 2026GENDER DYNAMICS AND DISPARITIES INCAMBODIAS SCIENCE,TECHNOLOGY,ENGINEERING,AND MATHEMATICS SECTORCreative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license

2、(CC BY 3.0 IGO)2026 Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue,Mandaluyong City,1550 Metro Manila,PhilippinesTel+63 2 8632 4444;Fax+63 2 8636 2444www.adb.orgSome rights reserved.Published in 2026.ISBN 978-92-9277-840-8(print);978-92-9277-841-5(PDF);978-92-9277-842-2(ebook)Publication Stock No.TCS260257-2DOI

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1. **性别差距显著**:柬埔寨高等教育中STEM专业学生女性仅占17%,为东南亚最大性别差距之一;工程与ICT领域女性参与率仅5%(男性22%)。 2. **社会与家庭壁垒**:传统性别观念(如认为STEM“不适合女性”)及家庭决策影响女性选择,农村地区STEM职业信息匮乏。 3. **职业转型障碍**:68%女性STEM毕业生首份工作为非STEM领域(如教学/行政),而男性该比例为77%;女性平均月薪比男性低25%(约$468 vs. $624)。 4. **职场不平等**:女性面临招聘歧视、缺乏导师及晋升机会,且需承担更多家庭责任(已婚女性日均家务4.5小时,男性2.2小时)。 5. **政策建议**:需加强STEM教育性别响应政策、职业指导及托育支持,以提升女性参与度与职业发展。
女生为何少学STEM? 女生学STEM难在哪? 女生STEM出路何在?
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