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美国健康效应研究所:2025空气质量与健康影响趋势报告:中亚、南亚及东南亚地区洞察(中译版)(43页).pdf

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1、1Trends In Air Quality And Health Impacts:Insights From Central,South,And Southeast Asia A STATE OF GLOBAL AIR INITIATIVE REPORT HEI and IHME logosThe State of Global Air is a collaboration between the Health Effects Institute and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluations Global Burden of Dis

2、ease project.Citation:Health Effects Institute.2025.Trends in Air Quality and Health Impacts:Insights from Central,South,and Southeast Asia.Boston,MA:Health Effects Institute.ISSN 2578-6881 2024 Health Effects Institute2ABOUT STATE OF GLOBAL AIR The State of Global Air(SoGA)is a research and outreac

3、h initiative to provide accurate,meaningful,and up-to-date information about air pollution and its health impacts around the world.A collaboration of the Health Effects Institute and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluations Global Burden of Disease project,the program gives citizens,journali

4、sts,policymakers,nongovernmental organizations(NGOs),and scientists access to high-quality,objective information about air pollution and its health impacts.All data,tools,and reports are free,open,and available to the public.ABOUT THIS REPORTThis report presents information on exposures to and healt

5、h impacts of fine particulate matter,ozone,and nitrogen dioxide from 1990 to 2021 for three Asian regions:South Asia,Central Asia,and Southeast Asia.The report draws upon the best available air quality data,estimates of health risks,and demographic data to produce globally comparable country-level d

6、ata on air quality trends and the health impacts of air pollution.HOW CAN I EXPLORE THE DATA?This report has a companion interactive website with tools to explore,compare,and download data and graphics.Anyone can use the website to access data for cities and countries around the world and track long

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1. **健康负担**:2021年,中亚、南亚和东南亚因空气污染(PM2.5、臭氧、NO2、家庭空气污染)导致超340万人死亡,占该地区总死亡的1/3。 2. **PM2.5污染**:99%人口暴露于超WHO指导值(5μg/m³)的PM2.5,南亚平均浓度(42.6μg/m³)为全球平均的1.4倍。 3. **经济影响**:2019年,因PM2.5损失GDP的4-11%,国际清洁空气资金仅70%集中于菲律宾、孟加拉和中国。 4. **区域差异**:中亚NO2浓度最高(13.3μg/m³),南亚臭氧污染增长最快(十年增7.4ppb),东南亚因泥炭火灾季节性污染严重。 5. **政策挑战**:资金不足(仅1%国际发展资金用于户外空气污染),但公众诉讼推动印度、巴基斯坦等国加强治理。
亚洲空气杀手是谁? 空气污染如何影响健康? 谁在为清洁空气买单?
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