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能源创新改革项目(EIRP):2026乏核燃料商业化回收可行性评估与建议报告(中译版)(23页).pdf

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1、ENERGY INNOVATION REFORM PROJECTThe Case for Commercial Recycling of Used Nuclear Fuel:Assessment and RecommendationsBy Dr.Christina Leggett,Paul J.Saunders,and Samuel Thernstrom April 2026The Case for Commercial Recycling of Used Nuclear Fuel:Assessment and RecommendationsBy Dr.Christina Leggett,Pa

2、ul J.Saunders,and Samuel Thernstrom Copyright 2026.Energy Innovation Reform Project.All Rights Reserved.ISBN:978-1-7359335-6-6By Dr.Christina Leggett,Paul J.Saunders,and Samuel ThernstromEnergy Innovation Reform Project 10306 Eaton Place,Suite 300 Fairfax,VA 22030 E-mail:infoinnovationreform.orgwww.

3、innovationreform.orgCover art by Gabriella TurrisiEditing and proofreading by Anne Himmelfarb Cover:Bloomberg/Dry cask used nuclear fuel storage at Constellations Peach Bottom Clean Energy Center in Delta,Pennsylvania,2019.Energy Innovation Reform Project is a non-partisan non-profit organization de

4、dicated to promoting policies that advance innovation in energy technologies and practices to improve the affordability,reliability,safety,and security of American energy supplies and our energy economy.EIRP was founded in Washington,DC in 2013.Its work combines policy reports,scholarly research,and

5、 economic modeling with creative efforts to bridge partisan differences over energy policy.ContentsAbbreviationsivExecutive summary 1Introduction3Improved economics 5Lower projected capital costs 5Alternative fuel source 6Increased uranium fuel utilization 6Domestic supply of radioisotopes and criti

6、cal minerals 7Reduced high-level waste 8Enhanced proliferation resistance 10Recommendations11Conclusion13About the Authors 14Endnotes16ivEnergy Innovation Reform ProjectAbbreviationsDGRDOEGNEPGWeHALEUHEUHLWIAEALEULWRMC&AMTNRCPRIDEPUREXTRUU/TRUUNFdeep geologic repository Department of Energy Global N

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1. **经济可行性提升**:全球核电需求增长(70座在建反应堆,76.8GWe新增容量),HALEU燃料需求上升,先进回收技术(如电解处理)预计成本更低(首座工厂约5-10亿美元)。 2. **废物管理优化**:美国积存94,000吨乏燃料,回收可减少高放废物体积95%(OECD数据),并回收关键矿物(如铂族金属)和医用同位素。 3. **防扩散保障**:现代监测技术(如实时核材料管控)和共回收铀/钚可降低风险,历史显示回收设施未发生核材料 diversion。 4. **政策建议**:制定国家回收政策、更新《原子能法》、扩大DOE资助,以推动商业回收并重获全球核能领导地位。
核废料变宝? 核燃料再利用可行吗? 核废料处理新出路?
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