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联合国贸发会议:2026年贸易与发展展望报告:全球经济面临地缘政治挑战(中译版)(40页).pdf

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1、Technical and statistical reportUNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENTTrade and Development Foresights 2026Global Economy Faces a Geopolitical ChallengeAn update on the Trade and Development Report 2025 Technical and statistical reportUNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENTTra

2、de and Development Foresights 2026Global Economy Faces a Geopolitical ChallengeAn update on the Trade and Development Report 2025Geneva,2026ii 2026,United NationsAll rights reserved worldwideRequests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the Copyright Clearance Center at .All

3、other queries on rights and licences,including subsidiary rights,should be addressed to:United Nations Publications405 East 42nd StreetNew York,New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail:publicationsun.orgWebsite:https:/shop.un.org/The designations employed and the presentation of material on any m

4、ap in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.Mention of any firm or licensed process does n

5、ot imply the endorsement of the United Nations.This publication has not been formally edited.United Nations publication issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNCTAD/GDS/2026/1ISBN:978-92-1-159427-0eISBN:978-92-1-154870-9Sales No.E.26.II.D.16iiiTrade and Development Foresigh

6、ts 2026:Global Economy Faces a Geopolitical ChallengeTable of contentsTable of contents.iiiAcknowledgements.vNote.viExplanatory notes .viiKey takeaways .viiiA.Shifting risks.1B.Turbulent times:Navigating global economic uncertainty.5C.Global policy context:A search for safety amid geopolitical tensi

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1. **全球经济放缓**:2025年增长2.9%,预计2026年降至2.6%,受中东冲突冲击能源市场、供应链及投资流动。 2. **贸易与地缘风险**:2025年贸易政策不确定性主导,2026年地缘政治风险上升,冲突致油价涨超60%、气价翻倍,推高进口成本。 3. **发展中国家压力**:能源、食品、化肥进口账单增加,外部需求疲软,资本外流风险上升,新兴市场主权债券收益率攀升。 4. **贸易结构变化**:AI硬件(如服务器、半导体)驱动2025年贸易增长,但传统 sectors 增长乏力;2026年商品贸易增速预计从4.7%降至1.5%-2.5%。 5. **区域分化**:非洲(4.2%)、拉美(2.0%)增长放缓,南亚(5.5%)仍最快;中东冲突致海湾国家GDP降至2.0%,中国目标4.6%。 6. **绿色转型机遇**:可再生能源成本已超91%化石燃料,但投资不均(非洲仅获2%全球清洁能源投资),需政策加速转型。
地缘经济如何重塑全球贸易? 中东冲突如何冲击能源市场? 新兴市场面临哪些金融风险?
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