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AMRO:2025年韩国年度磋商报告(中译版)(70页).pdf

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1、AMRO Country Report ACR-2026-03 ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office(AMRO)November 2024 ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office(AMRO)March 2026 AMRO Annual Consultation Report Korea 2025 ANNUAL CONSULTATION REPORT KOREA 2025 ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office(AMRO)Page 1 of 70 Acknowledgments 1.Th

2、is Annual Consultation Report on Korea has been prepared in accordance with the functions of AMRO to monitor,assess and report on its members macroeconomic status and financial soundness,to identify relevant risks and vulnerabilities,and to assist them in the timely formulation of policy to mitigate

3、 such risks(Article 3(a)and(b)of the AMRO Agreement).2.This Report is drafted on the basis of the Annual Consultation Visit of AMRO to Korea on December 8-19,2025(Article 5(b)of the AMRO Agreement).The AMRO Mission team was headed by Kian Heng Peh,Group Head and Lead Economist.Members included Jade

4、Vichyanond,Country Economist for Korea;Wee Chian Koh,Back-up Economist;Bora Lee,Senior Economist;Byunghoon Nam,Senior Economist;and Justin Lim,Economist.AMRO Director Yasuto Watanabe and Chief Economist Dong He also participated in key policy meetings with the authorities.This AMRO Annual Consultati

5、on Report on Korea for 2025 was peer-reviewed by an economist group from AMROs country surveillance,financial surveillance,fiscal surveillance and policy review teams;endorsed by Jiangyan Yu,Senior Economist,Policy and Review Group;and approved by Dong He,AMRO Chief Economist.3.The analysis in this

6、Report is based on information available up to December 31,2025.4.By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographical area,or by using the term“member”or“country”in this Report,AMRO does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory

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1. **经济复苏与增长**:2025年韩国经济反弹,GDP增长1.6%(H2),私人消费(+1.9%)和半导体出口(+5.2%)为主要驱动力,但建筑投资受PF困境拖累。2026年预计增长1.9%。 2. **通胀与货币政策**:通胀稳定在2.1%(2025年),接近韩国央行2%目标。2025年5月后维持基准利率不变,因房价上涨和家庭债务担忧。 3. **外部部门强劲**:经常账户 surplus达6.1%(2025年前三季度),半导体出口支撑;外汇储备充足(覆盖短期外债2.6倍),但韩元波动贬值。 4. **财政政策**:2025年财政赤字4.3%(GDP),高于2024年(4.1%),因两次补充预算刺激经济。2026年预算赤字3.9%,中性立场。 5. **风险与挑战**:半导体出口依赖美国关税政策;首尔房价上涨引发金融稳定担忧;非银行金融机构(NBFIs)PF贷款不良率高(20.6%);长期人口萎缩和债务上升(政府债务/GDP预计2040年超85%)威胁可持续性。
**韩经济复苏动力?** **半导体出口风险?** **房价泡沫隐忧?**
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