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波士顿大学:2026津巴布韦锂矿转型之路:机遇与挑战报告(英文版)(85页).pdf

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1、Global Development Policy CenterLeveraging Transition Mineral Extraction for Zimbabwes Socioeconomic Development The Case of LithiumTSITSI MUSASIKE,1 JULIE RADOMSKI,2 TINOTENDA CHIDHAWU,3 HUDSON MTEGHA,4 AND EARNEST RUNGANO CHINYANGA5MARCH 2026Cover:Sandawana,Zimbabwe.Photo by Dr.Tinotenda Chidhawu

2、and Earnest Chinyanga.“Transparent,equitable and optimal exploitation of mineral resources to underpin broad-based sustainable growth and socio-economic development.”-Africa Mining VisionSUGGESTED CITATIONMusasike,T.,Radomski,J.,Chidhawu,T.,Mtegha,H.,and Chinyanga,E.R.2026.Leveraging Transition Mine

3、ral Extraction for Zimbabwes Socioeconomic Development:The Case of Lithium.Boston,MA:Boston University Global Development Policy Center.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis report has benefited from input from the institutions that participated in in-depth interviews with the research team,including the Ministry of

4、 Environment,Climate and Wildlife;the Ministry of Industry and Commerce;the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructural Development;the Environmental Management Agency;the Zimbabwe Energy Regulatory Authority;PowerShift Africa;Action Aid Zimbabwe;Huayou Cobalt;Kuvimba Mining House;and independent cons

5、ultants,among other individuals.We are also grateful to survey respondents in the communities of Goromonzi,Bikita,Buhera,Kamativi,Filabusi,and Mberengwa.We thank the report reviewers Dr.Rebecca Ray,Professor Lyman Mlambo,and Dr.Wei Shen for their feedback.This report was made possible in part with s

6、upport from the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation.1 Boston University Global Development Policy Center,Boston,MA 02215,USA.*Correspondence to:tsitsibu.edu.2 Boston University Global Development Policy Center.3 University of Pretoria&Zimbabwe Foreign Service Institute.4 School of Mining Engineering,Uni

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1. **锂矿经济贡献**:2023年锂矿出口占津巴布韦矿业出口的显著份额(2023年锂出口6.74亿美元),矿业占GDP的14%、出口收入的75%和政府收入的20%。 2. **政策与治理挑战**:缺乏独立锂矿政策,依赖殖民时期《1961年矿产法》,虽禁止原锂出口(2022年),但执行不力,未建立本地加工战略。 3. **中国投资主导**:中国公司(如华友钴业)主导锂矿开发,2021-2023年投资超14亿美元,但社区参与有限,环境与社会治理(ESG)问题突出。 4. **基础设施瓶颈**:锂矿运输依赖公路(日均百辆30吨卡车),铁路系统崩溃;加工耗水高(4万升/吨),加剧水资源短缺。 5. **发展建议**:需更新政策框架、加强本地收益共享、完善ESG监管,并通过主权财富基金(MIF)推动基础设施与区域产业链升级。
锂矿如何助发展? 中企投资有何影响? 政策如何优化?
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