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牛津经济研究院:2026欧盟非法卷烟贸易驱动因素经济评估报告(中译版)(56页).pdf

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1、JANUARY 2026AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE DRIVERS OF THE ILLICIT CIGARETTE TRADE IN THE EUABOUT OXFORD ECONOMICSOxford Economics was founded in 1981 as a commercial venture with Oxford Universitys business college to provide economic forecasting and modelling toUK companies and financial institution

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1. **欧盟非法香烟贸易规模**:2024年欧盟非法香烟消费量达392亿支,占总消费量的9.2%,导致损失税款149亿欧元。 2. **主要驱动因素**:高额消费税(占合法香烟价格的70%-92%)和增值税是核心诱因,犯罪团伙因避税可低价销售,利润空间扩大。 3. **非法贸易类型变化**:假冒香烟占比从2019年的16.5%升至2024年的39%,欧盟内生产比例增加;其他非法渠道(如走私)占比40%。 4. **政策影响**:欧盟拟将最低消费税从€90/千支提至€215(增幅139%),可能缩小成员国间税率差异,但扩大与邻国的价差,加剧非法贸易。 5. **案例对比**:法国因大幅增税(十年涨87%),非法市场份额从15%升至38%;匈牙利和罗马尼亚温和增税,非法份额下降。
欧盟香烟走私规模有多大? 高税收如何助长非法香烟贸易? 法国的教训是什么?
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