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世界银行:2026十年进展:沙特阿拉伯劳动力市场转型洞察报告(英文版)(60页).pdf

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1、1A Decade of Progress:Inside Saudi Arabias Labor Market TransformationA Decade of Progress Nayib RiveraCarole ChartouniEkaterina PankratovaJohannes KoettlTjaa BartoljMiha DominkoSimon BiloAhmed AlzahraniAhmed HumediINSIDE SAUDI ARABIASLABOR MARKETTRANSFORMATIONPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disc

2、losure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized2A Decade of Progress:Inside Saudi Arabias Labor Market Transformation3A Decade of Progress:Inside Saudi Arabias Labor Market TransformationThis report offers fresh insights into Saudi Arabias labor market transfor-mation over

3、the past decade,highlighting some of the accomplishments in reshaping employment outcomes achieved after implementation of Vision 2030 and the National Labor Market Strategy.Leveraging a rich dataset comparing 2025 with a 2015 preVision 2030 baseline,it offers details about some of the main policy r

4、eforms that the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development has led and how these reforms have helped modernize labor market institutions and policies,enhance inclusion,and enable the private sector to become the emerging force driving new job creation.The analysis documents the significant o

5、bservable shifts toward greater inclu-sion;private sector employment in micro,small,and medium-sized firms;and general workforce upskilling and distills lessons for inclusive growth and economic diversification that offer practical guidance for policy makers in the region and beyond.Abstract|Nayib R

6、ivera|Carole Chartouni|Ekaterina Pankratova|Johannes Koettl|Tjaa Bartolj|Miha Dominko|Simon Bilo|Ahmed Alzahrani|Ahmed Humedi|A Decade of ProgressINSIDE SAUDI ARABIAS LABOR MARKET TRANSFORMATION4A Decade of Progress:Inside Saudi Arabias Labor Market Transformation 2026 The World Bank1818 H Street NW

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1. **劳动力市场转型成果**:沙特阿拉伯通过"2030愿景"和《国家劳动力市场战略》(LMS),显著提升劳动力市场包容性与私营部门就业。2025年劳动参与率达67.1%(超2025年目标61.8%),失业率降至2.8%(低于2025年目标4.6%),沙特人在私营部门就业占比达52.8%(超2025年目标51.4%)。 2. **包容性增强**:女性就业人口占比从2015年11%升至2025年32%;青年(18-24岁)就业率从10%升至33%;未就业未受教育(NEET)比例从40%降至25%。 3. **私营部门活力**:沙特人在私营部门就业占比从2015年26.5%升至2025年50%,女性私营部门就业比例从15%升至58.2%。雇主对本地化政策负面看法从2015年48%降至2025年8.2%。 4. **社会观念转变**:支持女性在混合性别环境工作的比例从2015年男性13%/女性15%升至2025年男性49%/女性65%;失业者仅寻求公共部门工作的比例大幅下降(男性从60%降至10%,女性从48%降至22%)。
沙特就业变革? 女工如何突破? 私企崛起动力?
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