世界气象组织（WMO）：2022年全球气候状况报告（英文版）（26页）.pdf

1、WMO Provisional State of the Global Climate 20222 Contents Highlights.3 Executive Summary.3 Global Climate Indicators.5 Baselines.5 Greenhouse gases.5 Global temperature.6 Ocean heat content.8 Sea level.9 Marine heatwaves.10 Cryosphere.11 Sea ice.11 Glaciers.12 Greenland ice sheet.13 Precipitation.1

2、4 Short-term climate drivers.15 High Impact Events.16 Contributors.20 Data sets and methods.21 3 Highlights Concentrations of the three main greenhouse gases carbon dioxide,methane,and nitrous oxide reached record highs in 2021.The annual increase in methane concentration was the highest on record.R

3、eal time data from specific locations show levels of the three gases continued to increase in 2022.Global mean temperature in 2022 is currently estimated to be 1.15 0.13 C above the 1850-1900 average.The eight years 2015 to 2022 are likely to be the eight warmest years on record,with 2022 most likel

4、y to be 5th or 6th warmest.La Nia conditions have continued with short interruptions since late 2020 and are expected to continue through late 2022.This would mark the third consecutive year of La Nia.Such a triple-dip La Nia is unusual and has kept global temperature low for the second year in a ro

5、w.Sea level continued to rise in 2022,reaching a new record high.Since January 2020,global mean sea level has risen by nearly 10mm,approximately 10%of the overall rise in sea level since satellite measurements began in 1993.A low winter snowpack in 2021/22 combined with an exceptionally warm summer

6、in Europe led to record glacier mass losses in Switzerland with 6%of the glacier ice volume lost between 2021 and 2022.Between 2001 and 2022 the volume of glacier ice in Switzerland decreased from 77 km3 to 49 km3,a decline of more than a third.In east Africa,rainfall has been below average in four