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世界银行（WBG）：2025资产循环手册（中译版）（120页）.pdf

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1、 Asset Recycling Handbook Published March 2025 Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized Preface Infrastructure development is crucial for the continued economic growth and prosperity of emerging markets and developed economies(E

2、MDEs).The demand for infrastructure,propelled by population growth and ever-increasing rate of urbanization,has resulted in the need to build,and improve infrastructure in EMDEs.EMDEs are increasingly facing strong headwinds with rising inflation,volatile economic settings,and other recent macro-eco

3、nomic shocks.These factors have adversely impacted their fiscal capacity to fund infrastructure.Furthermore,the climate crisis has propelled countries to invest in mitigating measures to counter the adverse effects of climate change,such as clean energy transition,electric mobility,and climate resil

4、ience measures.The substantial capital investment required means that traditional sources of funding are increasingly stretched and need to be augmented by other funding solutions.Given so,countries are exploring Asset Recycling as a mechanism to unlock capital invested in existing infrastructure as

5、sets and to apply the proceeds to develop new infrastructure assets.To facilitate this,the World Bank Infrastructure Finance Department(IFD)has developed an Asset Recycling Handbook with the support of KPMG in Singapore(Sharad Somani and Rishabh Jain).The Handbook provided a roadmap for Asset Recycl

6、ing,with emphasis on both the monetization of infrastructure assets and the re-investment of the proceeds.The World Banks IFD team led the development of this Handbook;the team constituted Luciana Drummond,Jeff Delmon,and Elena Timusheva.Contents 01 Executive Summary 02 Concept of Asset Recycling 03

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1. **背景与需求**：新兴市场与发展中经济体（EMDEs）需每年投入GDP的2%-8%用于新建基础设施，另需2.7%维护现有资产，3%提升气候韧性，但财政紧缩与高债务（2023年政府债务占GDP超60%）制约投资。 2. **资产回收机制**：通过变现现有基础设施（如港口、电力）释放资本，再投资于新项目，避免增税或举债，同时引入私营部门效率（如优化运营、创新）。 3. **核心模式**： - **直接合同协议**（如特许经营）、**资产出售**（如SPV或企业出售）、**结构化融资**（如资产证券化、基础设施投资信托）。 - 澳大利亚案例：通过资产回收计划获15%联邦激励，用于新基建。 4. **成功要素**：明确监管框架、透明资金使用、公众沟通（如强调非私有化、就业创造），以及优先筛选高收益资产（如印度TOT模式吸引国际投资者）。
资产回收是什么？ 为何需要资产回收？ 如何实施资产回收？
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