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表1 中国新能源产业出海发展阶段

行业数据

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所属报告：

财新智库：2025中国新能源出海企业绿色融资能力及其提升路径研究报告（47页）.pdf

打包全文图表

等方面。通过“一带一路”倡议和绿色金融支持，中国新能源企业正逐步成为全球能源转型的重要力量。随着全球对可持续发展的重视，新能源市场需求持续增长[11]。在全球能源转型及国内竞争日益激烈的背景下，积极开拓海外新市场已成新能源企业发展的必然选择，新能源企业“出海”已是必然趋势。目前中国新能源产品（如光伏组件、风力发电设备、动力电池等）出口规模全球领先。2023年，中国外贸“新三样”（即新能源汽车、锂电池、光伏产品)全年比增长 43.9%[13]。除了出口，中国新能源企业出海方式还包括海外投资建厂、海外并购、技术输出与标准制定、国际合作与研发等。根据普华永道发布的《中国新能源产业全球化白皮书》，自2009年以来，中国新能源行业的出海历程大致可划分为三个阶段或模式：产品出海（2009-2013）、资本服务出海（2013-2019）和产能出海（2019至今）［14]。这三个阶段展现了从初级产品输出向全球全产业链布局的演进路径。风电设备，迅速打开国际市场。该阶段企业主要依赖国内完备成熟的产业供应链、制造成本优势以及规模化劳动力资源，通过贸易通道将“中国产能”输送至全球。这一模式具有较高的灵活性，资金投入门槛较低，有利于快速启动海外业务。然而，该模式普遍利润率偏低，易受贸易壁垒和地缘政治冲击，市场粘性不足。例如，随着中国光伏组件市场份额在2010年前后快速增长，中国企业相继遭遇美国“双反”调查以及欧盟碳边境调节机制（CBAM）等限制措施。

行业数据原图定位