Engie集团（ENGIE）：2023年新兴可持续技术报告（英文版）（49页）.pdf

1、EMERGINGSUSTAINABLETECHNOLOGIESEDITION 2023 EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES-EDITION 2023EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES-EDITION 2023 32AGENDAEMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIESEdition 2023KEY AUTHORS:Elodie Le Cadre Loret,Jan Mertens,Jean-PierreKeustermans,Cline Denis.CO-AUTHORS:Laurent Baraton,Sa

2、nae Bouaichi,GaspardBouteau,Julie Clavreul,Sidney Castin,Jim Gripekoven,Olivier Ledent,Fanny Magn,Adeline Miquelot,Julien Merlin,Jonas Pigeon,Stijn Scheerlinck,Zarea Mures.Graphic design,iconographic research and design of diagrams and illustrations:Agence Gaya(gayacom.fr)Edito:From Climate Science

3、to Climate engineering.4INTRODUCTION.7The Energy Transition:an integrated system of systems.7CirculAIR fuels:converting low-carbon electricity to e-fuels in a fully circular manner!.9This report focuses on technologies emerging currently that could be part of this new system.131.EMERGING TRENDS.14Cr

4、itical material challenge:Examples of Terawatt scale PV and batteries.16Geoengineering for climate change gaining traction.302.EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES.44Nature-Based Solutions.46Solar Space Power.60Pyrolysis for Turquoise Hydrogen?.68Light-driven chemistry to solar fuels production .76Bibliography.86A

5、NNEX:Technology Readiness Levels.94 EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES-EDITION 2023EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES-EDITION 2023 54FROM CLIMATE SCIENCETO CLIMATE ENGINEERINGScientists ask the question“what?”and theyve done a very good job of modelling the climate and pointing out likely scenarios,st

6、ated John Anderson,the president of the US National Academy of Engineering in an interview in September 2022(Engineering the Transition to Net-Zero Carbon Emissions|National Academies).Engineers differ in that they ask the question“how?”Now that we know what the goals are,we have to ask how we can a